بِسْمِ اللہِ الرَّحْمٰنِ الرَّحِيْمِ
Darulifta Ahlesunnat (Dawateislami)
What do the noble scholars and jurists of Islamic law say about the following: A Muqeem (non-traveler) is offering a four rak’ah salah in congregation with an imam who is a shar’i traveler. After the imam performs salam in the second rak’ah and the Muqeem stands to complete his remaining two rak’aat, will he do Qira’ah in them or not? Furthermore, if he purposefully does Qira’ah, what is the ruling regarding his salah?
In the inquired situation, it is impermissible for the Muqeem (non-traveler) muqtadi to do Qira’ah in the remaining two rak’aat. Instead, it is wajib to remain silent. This is because a Muqeem muqtadi who is offering a four rak’ah fard salah in congregation with a shar’i traveler imam is considered a ‘Lahiq’ in the remaining two rak’aat. The rulings for a ‘Lahiq’ are the same as those of a Haqiqi Muqtadi. For this reason, Sajdah Sahw will not become wajib due to forgetfulness. However, if a muqtadi intentionally omits a wajib behind an imam, his salah becomes Makruh Tahrimi and Wajib al-I’adah. Therefore, in the inquired situation, if a person intentionally omitted the wajib of remaining silent and did Qira’ah, his salah is Makruh Tahrimi and Wajib al-I’adah.
The Muqeem (non-traveler) who offers salah in congregation with a shar’i traveler is considered a ‘Lahiq’, as Allamah ‘Ala-Uddin Haskafi عليه الرحمة states:
و اللاحق من فاتته الركعات كلها أو بعضها لكن بعد اقتدائه بعذر كغفلة و زحمة و سبق حدث و مقيم ائتم بمسافر۔۔۔ و کذا بلا عذر
(Al-Durr al-Mukhtar, p. 81, Publ. Dar al-Kutub al-’Ilmiyah)
The rulings for the Lahiq are the same as those for a Haqiqi Muqtadi. It is stated in Hashiyah al-Tahtawi ‘Ala Maraq al-Falah:
حكمه كمؤتم حقيقة فلا يأتي فيما يقضي بقراءة و لا سهو
(Hashiyah al-Tahtawi ‘Ala Maraq al-Falah, p. 309, Publ. Dar al-Kutub al-’Ilmiyah, Beirut)
It is wajib for a Muqtadi to remain silent during Qiyam. Sadr al-Sharī’aĥ عليه الرحمة stated this while listing the wajibat of salah:
امام جب قراءت کرے بلند آواز سے ہو خواہ آہستہ، اس وقت مقتدی کا چپ رہنا۔
Translation: When the Imam does Qira’ah, be it aloud or softly, the Muqtadi must remain silent at this time. (Bahar-e-Sharī’at, Vol. 1, p. 519, Publ. Maktaba-Tul-Madinah, Karachi)
If the Muqtadi purposefully omits a wajib, it will be wajib upon them to repeat the salah, as stated in Radd al-Muhtar:
(و انصات المقتدی) فلو قرأ خلف إمامه كره تحريما و لا تفسد في الأصح ۔۔۔ولا يلزمه سجود سهو لو قرأ سهوا لأنه لا سهو على المقتدي، و هل يلزم المتعمد الإعادة جزم ح و تبعه ط بوجوبها
(Radd al-Muhtar, vol. 1, p. 470, Publ. Dar al-Fikr, Beirut)
وَ اللہُ اَعْلَمُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ رَسُوْلُہ اَعْلَم صَلَّی اللہُ تَعَالٰی عَلَیْہِ وَ اٰلِہٖ وَ سَلَّم
Answered By: Muhammad Sajid Attari
Verified By: Mufti Abul-Hasan Muhammad Hashim Khan Attari
Ref No: MUI-0328
Date: 5th Rabi’ al-Akhir 1446 AH/ 9th October 2024